{"title":"Birds of America (Havell)","description":"","products":[{"product_id":"john-james-audubon-1785-1851-purple-heron-pl-cclvi","title":"JOHN JAMES AUDUBON (1785-1851), Purple Heron, PL. CCLVI","description":"\u003cdiv\u003eJohn James Audubon (1785-1851)\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003ePurple Heron, PL. CCLVI\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003efrom Birds of America\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eAquatint engraving with original hand coloring\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eEngraved by Robert Havell (1793-1878)\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003ePublished: London, 1827-1838\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003ePaper size: 25 x 37 3\/4 in.\u003c\/div\u003e","brand":"Arader Galleries","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":30142034381,"sku":"","price":145000.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1208\/8894\/products\/purple_heron.jpg?v=1483988129"},{"product_id":"copy-of-john-james-audubon-1785-1851-common-american-swan-pl-ccccxi","title":"JOHN JAMES AUDUBON (1785-1851), Wild Turkey, Female and Young, PL. VI","description":"\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003eJohn James Audubon (1785-1851)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003ePlate VI Female Turkey\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003eFrom the Birds of America\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003eAquatint engraving with original hand color\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003eLondon: Robert Havell, 1827-1838\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003ePaper size: 25 3\/4 x 38 3\/4 in.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003eFrame size: 37 x 49 1\/2in.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003e# AU00008\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Arader Galleries","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":1023141281805,"sku":"","price":145000.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1208\/8894\/files\/AU00008_femaleturkeyframed.jpg?v=1772137676"},{"product_id":"john-james-audubon-1785-1851-plate-vii-purple-grackle","title":"John James Audubon (1785-1851), Plate VII Purple Grackle","description":"\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003eJohn James Audubon (1785-1851)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003ePlate VII Purple Grackle (Common Crow Blackbird)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003eFrom the Birds of America\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003eAquatint engraving with original hand color\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003eLondon: Robert Havell, 1827-1838\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003ePaper size: 37 1\/2 x 25 3\/8 in.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003e# AU00009\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\"I could not think of any better mode of representing these birds than that which I have adopted, as it exhibits them in the exercise of their nefarious propensities. Look at them: The male, as if full of delight at the sight of the havoc which he has already committed on the tender, juicy, unripe corn on which he stands, has swelled his throat, and is calling in exultation to his companions to come and assist him in demolishing it. The female has fed herself, and is about to fly off with a well-loaded bill to her hungry and expectant brood, that, from the nest, look on their plundering parents, joyously anticipating the pleasures of which they shall ere long be allowed to participate. See how torn the husk is from the ear, and how nearly devoured the grains of corn already are! This is the tithe our Blackbirds take from our planters and farmers; but it was so appointed, and such is the will of the beneficent Creator.\" - Audubon's Ornithological Biography, 1831.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400;\"\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Arader Galleries","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":29459637927997,"sku":"","price":12000.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1208\/8894\/products\/7_Purple_Grackle.jpg?v=1564586133"},{"product_id":"john-james-audubon-1785-1851-plate-xxvi-carolina-parrot","title":"John James Audubon (1785-1851), Plate XXVI Carolina Parrot","description":"\u003cp\u003eJohn James Audubon (1785-1851)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePlate\u003cspan\u003e XXVI\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e Carolina Parrot\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003efrom Birds of America\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEngraved by Robert Havell (1793-1878)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePublished: London, 1827-1838\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eAquatint engraving with original hand coloring\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePaper size: 49 5\/8 x 37 in.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"451\" data-start=\"389\"\u003eProvenance: The Magnificent Sachsen-Meiningen Set of Audubon\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003e“The Parrot does not satisfy himself with cockle-burs, but eats or destroys almost every kind of fruit indiscriminately, and on this account is always an unwelcome visiter to the planter, the farmer, or the gardener. The stacks of grain put up in the field are resorted to by flocks of these birds, which frequently cover them so entirely, that they present to the eye the same effect as if a brilliantly coloured carpet had been thrown over them.” - John James Audubon\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Arader Galleries","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":29459712639037,"sku":"","price":475000.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1208\/8894\/products\/Carolina_Parrot_Taylor.jpg?v=1564588395"},{"product_id":"john-james-audubon-1785-1851-plate-xxxii-black-billed-cuckoo","title":"John James Audubon (1785-1851), Plate XXXII Black Billed Cuckoo","description":"\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003eJohn James Audubon (1785-1851)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003ePlate XXXII Black-billed Cuckoo\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003eFrom the Birds of America\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003eAquatint engraving with original hand color\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003eLondon: Robert Havell, 1827-1838\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003ePaper size: 24 7\/8 x 31 1\/4 in.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003e# AU00013\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Arader Galleries","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":29459786268733,"sku":"","price":18000.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1208\/8894\/products\/32_Black_Billed_Cuckoo.jpg?v=1564591003"},{"product_id":"john-james-audubon-1785-1851-plate-lxxxi-fish-hawk-or-osprey","title":"John James Audubon (1785-1851), Plate LXXXI Fish Hawk or Osprey","description":"\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003eJohn James Audubon (1785-1851)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003ePlate LXXXI Fish Hawk or Osprey\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003eFrom the Birds of America\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003eAquatint engraving with original hand color\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003eLondon: Robert Havell, 1827-1838\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003ePaper size: 38 1\/2 x 25 1\/2 in.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003e# AU00019\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Arader Galleries","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":29460032585789,"sku":"","price":185000.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1208\/8894\/products\/Osprey_Taylor.jpg?v=1564603671"},{"product_id":"john-james-audubon-1785-1851-plate-lxxxii-whip-poor-will","title":"John James Audubon (1785-1851), Plate LXXXII Whip-poor-will","description":"\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003eJohn James Audubon (1785-1851)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003ePlate LXXXII Whip-poor-will\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003efrom Birds of America\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003eEngraved by Robert Havell (1793-1878)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003ePublished: London, 1827-1838\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003eAquatint engraving with original hand coloring\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003ePaper size: 38 1\/2 x 25 1\/2\" \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003eProvenance: John Vickers Painter Collection, Cleveland, Ohio.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA world famous stamp collector and banker from Cleveland circa 1880, Painter’s discerning eye for quality was unparalleled. The gradations of color, especially the greens and yellows, offer evidence of what Robert Havell and John James Audubon intended. All images have full margins (38 3\/8 inches by 25 inches) and the color is rich and vivid. From the first edition “double elephant folio” engraved and printed on Whatman Turkey Mill paper by Robert Havell Jr in London from 1827-1838, the images are exceedingly fine. \u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan size=\"4\" face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\"\u003eJohn James Audubon is without rival as the most celebrated American natural history artist.  Audubon devoted his life to realizing his dream of identifying and depicting the birds of North America, and his work has had profound cultural and historical significance.  In the second decade of the 19th century, he set out to travel throughout the wilderness of the United States, drawing every notable species of native bird. His remarkable ambition and artistic talent culminated in the publication of the monumental Birds of America in 1827-38, a series of 435 aquatints that have only grown in fame since the time of their first appearance. This work established Audubon as an early American artist who could attract European attention, and for many, he personified New World culture and its emerging independent existence.  \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan size=\"4\" face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\"\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan size=\"4\" face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\"\u003eAudubon was born in Haiti, the illegitimate Creole son of a French sea merchant and a local chambermaid. He was raised in France until 1803, when his father sent him to the United States to avoid being drafted into the Napoleonic wars. There he started what proved to be a long run of unsuccessful schemes. He tried to run a lead mine in Pennsylvania. It folded. After marrying, he opened up a store in Louisville and it, too, went under. He started a steamboat line, and it led him into bankruptcy. By then he was 35 and, he admitted to his wife, a failure. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan size=\"4\" face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\"\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan size=\"4\" face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\"\u003eBut throughout his life he nourished a passion for the study and illustration of bird life. At the time, marketing was not as unlikely an endeavor for Audubon as it might seem today. It was a respectable, if somewhat chancy, business, and natural history was a popular subject; in fact, Audubon faced considerable competition. He had little formal training in art and even less in ornithology, but what he lacked in experience he made up for in braggadocio. He pursued his birds with an unusual passion for accuracy and painterly beauty, a fervor caused as much by desperation as by scientific and aesthetic high-mindedness. For years he tracked his subjects to the known edges of the country; the journals he kept along the way are a literary achievement in themselves. By his death in 1851, he had completed 584 individual studies, 435 of which appeared in The Birds of America.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Arader Galleries","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":29460034125885,"sku":"","price":9000.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1208\/8894\/products\/82_Whip_poor_Will.jpg?v=1564603831"},{"product_id":"john-james-audubon-1785-1851-plate-cxxvii-rose-breasted-grosbeak","title":"John James Audubon (1785-1851), Plate CXXVII Rose-breasted Grosbeak","description":"\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003eJohn James Audubon (1785-1851)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003ePlate CXXVII Rose-breasted Grosbeak\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003eFrom the Birds of America\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003eAquatint engraving with original hand color\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003eLondon: Robert Havell, 1827-1838\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003ePaper size: 38 5\/8 X 26 in.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003eFrame size: 49 X 36 3\/8 in.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003e#AU00073\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\" size=\"4\"\u003eAudubon was born in Haiti, the illegitimate Creole son of a French sea merchant and a local chambermaid. He was raised in France until 1803, when his father sent him to the United States to avoid being drafted into the Napoleonic wars. There he started what proved to be a long run of unsuccessful schemes. He tried to run a lead mine in Pennsylvania. It folded. After marrying, he opened up a store in Louisville and it, too, went under. He started a steamboat line, and it led him into bankruptcy. By then he was 35 and, he admitted to his wife, a failure. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\" size=\"4\"\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\" size=\"4\"\u003eBut throughout his life he nourished a passion for the study and illustration of bird life. At the time, marketing was not as unlikely an endeavor for Audubon as it might seem today. It was a respectable, if somewhat chancy, business, and natural history was a popular subject; in fact, Audubon faced considerable competition. He had little formal training in art and even less in ornithology, but what he lacked in experience he made up for in braggadocio. He pursued his birds with an unusual passion for accuracy and painterly beauty, a fervor caused as much by desperation as by scientific and aesthetic high-mindedness. For years he tracked his subjects to the known edges of the country; the journals he kept along the way are a literary achievement in themselves. By his death in 1851, he had completed 584 individual studies, 435 of which appeared in The Birds of America.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Arader Galleries","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":29461485617213,"sku":"","price":11000.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1208\/8894\/files\/AU00073_Rosebreasted.jpg?v=1772224937"},{"product_id":"john-james-audubon-1785-1851-plate-cxlvi-fish-crow","title":"John James Audubon (1785-1851), Plate CXLVI Fish Crow","description":"\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003eJohn James Audubon (1785-1851)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003ePlate CXLVI Fish Crow\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003eFrom the Birds of America\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003eAquatint engraving with original hand color\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003eLondon: Robert Havell, 1827-1838\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003ePaper size: 38 1\/8 x 25 1\/2 in. x\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003eFramed size: 51 x 37 1\/2 in.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003e#AU00070\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\" size=\"4\"\u003eJohn James Audubon is without rival as the most celebrated American natural history artist. Audubon devoted his life to realizing his dream of identifying and depicting the birds of North America, and his work has had profound cultural and historical significance.  In the second decade of the 19th century, he set out to travel throughout the wilderness of the United States, drawing every notable species of native bird. His remarkable ambition and artistic talent culminated in the publication of the monumental Birds of America in 1827-38, a series of 435 aquatints that have only grown in fame since the time of their first appearance. This work established Audubon as an early American artist who could attract European attention, and for many, he personified New World culture and its emerging independent existence.  \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\" size=\"4\"\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\" size=\"4\"\u003eAudubon was born in Haiti, the illegitimate Creole son of a French sea merchant and a local chambermaid. He was raised in France until 1803, when his father sent him to the United States to avoid being drafted into the Napoleonic wars. There he started what proved to be a long run of unsuccessful schemes. He tried to run a lead mine in Pennsylvania. It folded. After marrying, he opened up a store in Louisville and it, too, went under. He started a steamboat line, and it led him into bankruptcy. By then he was 35 and, he admitted to his wife, a failure. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\" size=\"4\"\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\" size=\"4\"\u003eBut throughout his life he nourished a passion for the study and illustration of bird life. At the time, marketing was not as unlikely an endeavor for Audubon as it might seem today. It was a respectable, if somewhat chancy, business, and natural history was a popular subject; in fact, Audubon faced considerable competition. He had little formal training in art and even less in ornithology, but what he lacked in experience he made up for in braggadocio. He pursued his birds with an unusual passion for accuracy and painterly beauty, a fervor caused as much by desperation as by scientific and aesthetic high-mindedness. For years he tracked his subjects to the known edges of the country; the journals he kept along the way are a literary achievement in themselves. By his death in 1851, he had completed 584 individual studies, 435 of which appeared in The Birds of America.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Arader Galleries","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":29461550039101,"sku":"","price":9000.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1208\/8894\/files\/AU00070_FishCrow.jpg?v=1772225096"},{"product_id":"john-james-audubon-1785-1851-plate-clvi-american-crow","title":"John James Audubon (1785-1851), Plate CLVI American Crow","description":"\u003cp\u003eJohn James Audubon (1785-1851)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePlate\u003cspan\u003e CLVI\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e American Crow\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003efrom Birds of America\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEngraved by Robert Havell (1793-1878)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePublished: London, 1827-1838\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eAquatint engraving with original hand coloring\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePaper size: 38 x \u003cspan\u003e25 in.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eFrame size: 50 7\/8 x 37 1\/2 in.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Arader Galleries","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":29461562818621,"sku":"","price":24000.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1208\/8894\/files\/Havell-AmericanCrow156.jpg?v=1781280183"},{"product_id":"john-james-audubon-1785-1851-plate-clxxxvi-pinnated-grouse","title":"John James Audubon (1785-1851), Plate CLXXXVI Pinnated Grouse","description":"\u003cp\u003eJohn James Audubon (1785-1851)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePlate\u003cspan\u003e CLXXXVI Pinnated Grouse\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003efrom Birds of America\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEngraved by Robert Havell (1793-1878)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePublished: London, 1827-1838\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eAquatint engraving with original hand coloring\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePaper size: 38 1\/2 x \u003cspan\u003e25 1\/2\" \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan size=\"4\" face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\"\u003eJohn James Audubon is without rival as the most celebrated American natural history artist.  Audubon devoted his life to realizing his dream of identifying and depicting the birds of North America, and his work has had profound cultural and historical significance.  In the second decade of the 19th century, he set out to travel throughout the wilderness of the United States, drawing every notable species of native bird. His remarkable ambition and artistic talent culminated in the publication of the monumental Birds of America in 1827-38, a series of 435 aquatints that have only grown in fame since the time of their first appearance. This work established Audubon as an early American artist who could attract European attention, and for many, he personified New World culture and its emerging independent existence.  \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan size=\"4\" face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\"\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan size=\"4\" face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\"\u003e Audubon was born in Haiti, the illegitimate Creole son of a French sea merchant and a local chambermaid. He was raised in France until 1803, when his father sent him to the United States to avoid being drafted into the Napoleonic wars. There he started what proved to be a long run of unsuccessful schemes. He tried to run a lead mine in Pennsylvania. It folded. After marrying, he opened up a store in Louisville and it, too, went under. He started a steamboat line, and it led him into bankruptcy. By then he was 35 and, he admitted to his wife, a failure. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan size=\"4\" face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\"\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan size=\"4\" face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\"\u003eBut throughout his life he nourished a passion for the study and illustration of bird life. At the time, marketing was not as unlikely an endeavor for Audubon as it might seem today. It was a respectable, if somewhat chancy, business, and natural history was a popular subject; in fact, Audubon faced considerable competition. He had little formal training in art and even less in ornithology, but what he lacked in experience he made up for in braggadocio. He pursued his birds with an unusual passion for accuracy and painterly beauty, a fervor caused as much by desperation as by scientific and aesthetic high-mindedness. For years he tracked his subjects to the known edges of the country; the journals he kept along the way are a literary achievement in themselves. By his death in 1851, he had completed 584 individual studies, 435 of which appeared in The Birds of America.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Arader Galleries","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":29463863689277,"sku":"","price":19000.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1208\/8894\/products\/186_Pinnated_Grous.jpg?v=1564759981"},{"product_id":"john-james-audubon-1785-1851-plate-cxcix-little-owl","title":"John James Audubon (1785-1851), Plate CXCIX Little Owl","description":"\u003cp\u003eJohn James Audubon (1785-1851)\u003cbr\u003ePlate\u003cspan\u003e CXCIX Little Owl\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003efrom Birds of America\u003cbr\u003eEngraved by Robert Havell (1793-1878)\u003cbr\u003ePublished: London, 1827-1838\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan\u003eAquatint engraving with original hand coloring\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003ePaper size: 38 1\/2 x \u003cspan\u003e25 1\/2\" \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan size=\"4\" face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\"\u003eJohn James Audubon is without rival as the most celebrated American natural history artist. Audubon devoted his life to realizing his dream of identifying and depicting the birds of North America, and his work has had profound cultural and historical significance.  In the second decade of the 19th century, he set out to travel throughout the wilderness of the United States, drawing every notable species of native bird. His remarkable ambition and artistic talent culminated in the publication of the monumental Birds of America in 1827-38, a series of 435 aquatints that have only grown in fame since the time of their first appearance. This work established Audubon as an early American artist who could attract European attention, and for many, he personified New World culture and its emerging independent existence.  \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan size=\"4\" face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\"\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan size=\"4\" face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\"\u003eAudubon was born in Haiti, the illegitimate Creole son of a French sea merchant and a local chambermaid. He was raised in France until 1803, when his father sent him to the United States to avoid being drafted into the Napoleonic wars. There he started what proved to be a long run of unsuccessful schemes. He tried to run a lead mine in Pennsylvania. It folded. After marrying, he opened up a store in Louisville and it, too, went under. He started a steamboat line, and it led him into bankruptcy. By then he was 35 and, he admitted to his wife, a failure. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan size=\"4\" face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\"\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan size=\"4\" face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\"\u003eBut throughout his life he nourished a passion for the study and illustration of bird life. At the time, marketing was not as unlikely an endeavor for Audubon as it might seem today. It was a respectable, if somewhat chancy, business, and natural history was a popular subject; in fact, Audubon faced considerable competition. He had little formal training in art and even less in ornithology, but what he lacked in experience he made up for in braggadocio. He pursued his birds with an unusual passion for accuracy and painterly beauty, a fervor caused as much by desperation as by scientific and aesthetic high-mindedness. For years he tracked his subjects to the known edges of the country; the journals he kept along the way are a literary achievement in themselves. By his death in 1851, he had completed 584 individual studies, 435 of which appeared in The Birds of America.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Arader Galleries","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":29463875452989,"sku":"","price":6800.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1208\/8894\/products\/199_Little_Owl.jpg?v=1564761253"},{"product_id":"john-james-audubon-1785-1851-plate-cci-canada-goose","title":"John James Audubon (1785-1851), Plate CCI Canada Goose","description":"\u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"\u003eJohn James Audubon (1785-1851)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"\u003ePlate CCI Canada Goose\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"\u003efrom Birds of America\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"\u003eEngraved by Robert Havell (1793-1878)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"\u003ePublished: London, 1827-1838\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"\u003eAquatint engraving with original hand coloring\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"\u003ePaper size: 38 1\/4 x 25 1\/4 in.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"\u003eFrame size: 49 1\/2 x 37 in.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan size=\"4\" face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\"\u003eJohn James Audubon is without rival as the most celebrated American natural history artist. Audubon devoted his life to realizing his dream of identifying and depicting the birds of North America, and his work has had profound cultural and historical significance.  In the second decade of the 19th century, he set out to travel throughout the wilderness of the United States, drawing every notable species of native bird. His remarkable ambition and artistic talent culminated in the publication of the monumental Birds of America in 1827-38, a series of 435 aquatints that have only grown in fame since the time of their first appearance. This work established Audubon as an early American artist who could attract European attention, and for many, he personified New World culture and its emerging independent existence.  \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan size=\"4\" face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\"\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan size=\"4\" face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\"\u003eAudubon was born in Haiti, the illegitimate Creole son of a French sea merchant and a local chambermaid. He was raised in France until 1803, when his father sent him to the United States to avoid being drafted into the Napoleonic wars. There he started what proved to be a long run of unsuccessful schemes. He tried to run a lead mine in Pennsylvania. It folded. After marrying, he opened up a store in Louisville and it, too, went under. He started a steamboat line, and it led him into bankruptcy. By then he was 35 and, he admitted to his wife, a failure. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan size=\"4\" face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\"\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan size=\"4\" face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\"\u003eBut throughout his life he nourished a passion for the study and illustration of bird life. At the time, marketing was not as unlikely an endeavor for Audubon as it might seem today. It was a respectable, if somewhat chancy, business, and natural history was a popular subject; in fact, Audubon faced considerable competition. He had little formal training in art and even less in ornithology, but what he lacked in experience he made up for in braggadocio. He pursued his birds with an unusual passion for accuracy and painterly beauty, a fervor caused as much by desperation as by scientific and aesthetic high-mindedness. For years he tracked his subjects to the known edges of the country; the journals he kept along the way are a literary achievement in themselves. By his death in 1851, he had completed 584 individual studies, 435 of which appeared in The Birds of America.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Arader Galleries","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":29463877124157,"sku":"","price":32000.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1208\/8894\/products\/201_Canada_Goose.jpg?v=1564761484"},{"product_id":"john-james-audubon-1785-1851-plate-ccii-red-throated-diver-1","title":"John James Audubon (1785-1851), Plate CCII Red-Throated Diver","description":"\u003cp\u003eJohn James Audubon (1785-1851) \u003cbr\u003ePlate\u003cspan\u003e CCII Red-Throated Diver \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003efrom Birds of America \u003cbr\u003eEngraved by Robert Havell (1793-1878) \u003cbr\u003ePublished: London, 1827-1838 \u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan\u003eAquatint engraving with original hand coloring \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003ePaper size: 38 1\/2 x \u003cspan\u003e25 1\/2\" \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003eProvenance: John Vickers Painter Collection, Cleveland, Ohio. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA world famous stamp collector and banker from Cleveland circa 1880, Painter’s discerning eye for quality was unparalleled. The gradations of color, especially the greens and yellows, offer evidence of what Robert Havell and John James Audubon intended. All images have full margins (38 3\/8 inches by 25 inches) and the color is rich and vivid. From the first edition “double elephant folio” engraved and printed on Whatman Turkey Mill paper by Robert Havell Jr in London from 1827-1838, the images are exceedingly fine. \u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\" size=\"4\"\u003eJohn James Audubon is without rival as the most celebrated American natural history artist.  Audubon devoted his life to realizing his dream of identifying and depicting the birds of North America, and his work has had profound cultural and historical significance.  In the second decade of the 19th century, he set out to travel throughout the wilderness of the United States, drawing every notable species of native bird. His remarkable ambition and artistic talent culminated in the publication of the monumental Birds of America in 1827-38, a series of 435 aquatints that have only grown in fame since the time of their first appearance. This work established Audubon as an early American artist who could attract European attention, and for many, he personified New World culture and its emerging independent existence.  \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\" size=\"4\"\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\" size=\"4\"\u003eAudubon was born in Haiti, the illegitimate Creole son of a French sea merchant and a local chambermaid. He was raised in France until 1803, when his father sent him to the United States to avoid being drafted into the Napoleonic wars. There he started what proved to be a long run of unsuccessful schemes. He tried to run a lead mine in Pennsylvania. It folded. After marrying, he opened up a store in Louisville and it, too, went under. He started a steamboat line, and it led him into bankruptcy. By then he was 35 and, he admitted to his wife, a failure. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\" size=\"4\"\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\" size=\"4\"\u003eBut throughout his life he nourished a passion for the study and illustration of bird life. At the time, marketing was not as unlikely an endeavor for Audubon as it might seem today. It was a respectable, if somewhat chancy, business, and natural history was a popular subject; in fact, Audubon faced considerable competition. He had little formal training in art and even less in ornithology, but what he lacked in experience he made up for in braggadocio. He pursued his birds with an unusual passion for accuracy and painterly beauty, a fervor caused as much by desperation as by scientific and aesthetic high-mindedness. For years he tracked his subjects to the known edges of the country; the journals he kept along the way are a literary achievement in themselves. By his death in 1851, he had completed 584 individual studies, 435 of which appeared in The Birds of America. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Arader Galleries","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":29463877943357,"sku":"","price":28000.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1208\/8894\/products\/202_Red_Throated_Diver.jpg?v=1564761586"},{"product_id":"john-james-audubon-1785-1851-plate-ccvi-summer-or-wood-duck","title":"John James Audubon (1785-1851), Plate CCVI Summer or Wood Duck","description":"\u003cp\u003eJohn James Audubon (1785-1851)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePlate\u003cspan\u003e CCVI Summer or Wood Duck\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003efrom Birds of America\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEngraved by Robert Havell (1793-1878)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePublished: London, 1827-1838\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eAquatint engraving with original hand coloring\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePaper size: 37 3\/4 x \u003cspan\u003e25 1\/8 in.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eFrame size: 50 x 37 1\/2 in.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\" size=\"4\"\u003eJohn James Audubon is without rival as the most celebrated American natural history artist.  Audubon devoted his life to realizing his dream of identifying and depicting the birds of North America, and his work has had profound cultural and historical significance.  In the second decade of the 19th century, he set out to travel throughout the wilderness of the United States, drawing every notable species of native bird. His remarkable ambition and artistic talent culminated in the publication of the monumental Birds of America in 1827-38, a series of 435 aquatints that have only grown in fame since the time of their first appearance. This work established Audubon as an early American artist who could attract European attention, and for many, he personified New World culture and its emerging independent existence.  \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\" size=\"4\"\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\" size=\"4\"\u003e Audubon was born in Haiti, the illegitimate Creole son of a French sea merchant and a local chambermaid. He was raised in France until 1803, when his father sent him to the United States to avoid being drafted into the Napoleonic wars. There he started what proved to be a long run of unsuccessful schemes. He tried to run a lead mine in Pennsylvania. It folded. After marrying, he opened up a store in Louisville and it, too, went under. He started a steamboat line, and it led him into bankruptcy. By then he was 35 and, he admitted to his wife, a failure. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\" size=\"4\"\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\" size=\"4\"\u003eBut throughout his life he nourished a passion for the study and illustration of bird life. At the time, marketing was not as unlikely an endeavor for Audubon as it might seem today. It was a respectable, if somewhat chancy, business, and natural history was a popular subject; in fact, Audubon faced considerable competition. He had little formal training in art and even less in ornithology, but what he lacked in experience he made up for in braggadocio. He pursued his birds with an unusual passion for accuracy and painterly beauty, a fervor caused as much by desperation as by scientific and aesthetic high-mindedness. For years he tracked his subjects to the known edges of the country; the journals he kept along the way are a literary achievement in themselves. By his death in 1851, he had completed 584 individual studies, 435 of which appeared in The Birds of America.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Arader Galleries","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":29463882661949,"sku":"","price":115000.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1208\/8894\/products\/Summer_Duck.jpg?v=1564761917"},{"product_id":"john-james-audubon-1785-1851-plate-ccvii-booby-gannet","title":"John James Audubon (1785-1851), Plate CCVII Booby Gannet","description":"\u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"\u003eJohn James Audubon (1785-1851) \u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"\u003ePlate CCVII Booby Gannet \u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"\u003efrom Birds of America \u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"\u003eEngraved by Robert Havell (1793-1878) \u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"\u003ePublished: London, 1827-1838 \u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"\u003eAquatint engraving with original hand coloring \u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"\u003ePaper size: 37 3\/4 x 25 in. \u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Arader Galleries","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":29463956226109,"sku":"","price":14000.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1208\/8894\/products\/207_Booby_Gannet.jpg?v=1564765055"},{"product_id":"john-james-audubon-1785-1851-plate-xii-baltimore-oriole","title":"John James Audubon (1785-1851), Plate XII Baltimore Oriole","description":"\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003eJohn James Audubon (1785-1851)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003ePlate XII Baltimore Oriole\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003eFrom the Birds of America\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003eAquatint engraving with original hand color\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003eLondon: Robert Havell, 1827-1838\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003ePaper size: 36 x 24 3\/4 in.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003eFramed size: 49 1\/2 x 37 in.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003e# AU00067\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Arader Galleries","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":29465365053501,"sku":"","price":48000.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1208\/8894\/files\/AU00067_BaltimoreOriole.jpg?v=1772137075"},{"product_id":"john-james-audubon-1785-1851-plate-xxxvii-golden-winged-woodpecker","title":"John James Audubon (1785-1851), Plate XXXVII Golden-winged Woodpecker","description":"\u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"\u003eJohn James Audubon (1785-1851)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"\u003ePlate XXXVII Golden-winged Woodpecker\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"\u003eFrom the Birds of America\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"\u003eAquatint engraving with original hand color\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"\u003eLondon: Robert Havell, 1827-1838\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"\u003ePaper size: 31 1\/2 x 24 3\/8 in.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"\u003e# AU00014\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan size=\"4\" face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\"\u003eJohn James Audubon is without rival as the most celebrated American natural history artist. Audubon devoted his life to realizing his dream of identifying and depicting the birds of North America, and his work has had profound cultural and historical significance.  In the second decade of the 19th century, he set out to travel throughout the wilderness of the United States, drawing every notable species of native bird. His remarkable ambition and artistic talent culminated in the publication of the monumental Birds of America in 1827-38, a series of 435 aquatints that have only grown in fame since the time of their first appearance. This work established Audubon as an early American artist who could attract European attention, and for many, he personified New World culture and its emerging independent existence.  \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan size=\"4\" face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\"\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan size=\"4\" face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\"\u003eAudubon was born in Haiti, the illegitimate Creole son of a French sea merchant and a local chambermaid. He was raised in France until 1803, when his father sent him to the United States to avoid being drafted into the Napoleonic wars. There he started what proved to be a long run of unsuccessful schemes. He tried to run a lead mine in Pennsylvania. It folded. After marrying, he opened up a store in Louisville and it, too, went under. He started a steamboat line, and it led him into bankruptcy. By then he was 35 and, he admitted to his wife, a failure. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan size=\"4\" face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\"\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan size=\"4\" face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\"\u003eBut throughout his life he nourished a passion for the study and illustration of bird life. At the time, marketing was not as unlikely an endeavor for Audubon as it might seem today. It was a respectable, if somewhat chancy, business, and natural history was a popular subject; in fact, Audubon faced considerable competition. He had little formal training in art and even less in ornithology, but what he lacked in experience he made up for in braggadocio. He pursued his birds with an unusual passion for accuracy and painterly beauty, a fervor caused as much by desperation as by scientific and aesthetic high-mindedness. For years he tracked his subjects to the known edges of the country; the journals he kept along the way are a literary achievement in themselves. By his death in 1851, he had completed 584 individual studies, 435 of which appeared in The Birds of America.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Arader Galleries","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":29465380061245,"sku":"","price":7500.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1208\/8894\/products\/37_Gold_Winged_Woodpecker.jpg?v=1564844997"},{"product_id":"john-james-audubon-1785-1851-plate-lxv-rathbone-warbler","title":"John James Audubon (1785-1851), Plate LXV Rathbone Warbler","description":"\u003cp\u003eJohn James Audubon (1785-1851)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePlate\u003cspan\u003e LXV Rathbone Warbler\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003efrom Birds of America\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEngraved by Robert Havell (1793-1878)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePublished: London, 1827-1838\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eAquatint engraving with original hand coloring\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePaper size: 38 1\/2 x \u003cspan\u003e25 1\/2\" \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\" size=\"4\"\u003eJohn James Audubon is without rival as the most celebrated American natural history artist. Audubon devoted his life to realizing his dream of identifying and depicting the birds of North America, and his work has had profound cultural and historical significance.  In the second decade of the 19th century, he set out to travel throughout the wilderness of the United States, drawing every notable species of native bird. His remarkable ambition and artistic talent culminated in the publication of the monumental Birds of America in 1827-38, a series of 435 aquatints that have only grown in fame since the time of their first appearance. This work established Audubon as an early American artist who could attract European attention, and for many, he personified New World culture and its emerging independent existence.  \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\" size=\"4\"\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\" size=\"4\"\u003eAudubon was born in Haiti, the illegitimate Creole son of a French sea merchant and a local chambermaid. He was raised in France until 1803, when his father sent him to the United States to avoid being drafted into the Napoleonic wars. There he started what proved to be a long run of unsuccessful schemes. He tried to run a lead mine in Pennsylvania. It folded. After marrying, he opened up a store in Louisville and it, too, went under. He started a steamboat line, and it led him into bankruptcy. By then he was 35 and, he admitted to his wife, a failure. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\" size=\"4\"\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\" size=\"4\"\u003eBut throughout his life he nourished a passion for the study and illustration of bird life. At the time, marketing was not as unlikely an endeavor for Audubon as it might seem today. It was a respectable, if somewhat chancy, business, and natural history was a popular subject; in fact, Audubon faced considerable competition. He had little formal training in art and even less in ornithology, but what he lacked in experience he made up for in braggadocio. He pursued his birds with an unusual passion for accuracy and painterly beauty, a fervor caused as much by desperation as by scientific and aesthetic high-mindedness. For years he tracked his subjects to the known edges of the country; the journals he kept along the way are a literary achievement in themselves. By his death in 1851, he had completed 584 individual studies, 435 of which appeared in The Birds of America.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Arader Galleries","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":29465400999997,"sku":"","price":6500.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1208\/8894\/products\/65_Rathbones_Warbler.jpg?v=1564846936"},{"product_id":"john-james-audubon-1785-1851-plate-lxxxvii-florida-jay","title":"John James Audubon (1785-1851), Plate LXXXVII Florida Jay","description":"\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003eJohn James Audubon (1785-1851)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003ePlate LXXXVII Florida Jay\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003eFrom the Birds of America\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003eAquatint engraving with original hand color\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003eLondon: Robert Havell, 1827-1838\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003ePaper size: 39 1\/4 x 26 3\/4 in.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003eFrame size: 49 1\/2 x 37 in.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003e# AU00019\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\" size=\"4\"\u003eJohn James Audubon is without rival as the most celebrated American natural history artist. Audubon devoted his life to realizing his dream of identifying and depicting the birds of North America, and his work has had profound cultural and historical significance.  In the second decade of the 19th century, he set out to travel throughout the wilderness of the United States, drawing every notable species of native bird. His remarkable ambition and artistic talent culminated in the publication of the monumental Birds of America in 1827-38, a series of 435 aquatints that have only grown in fame since the time of their first appearance. This work established Audubon as an early American artist who could attract European attention, and for many, he personified New World culture and its emerging independent existence.  \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\" size=\"4\"\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\" size=\"4\"\u003eAudubon was born in Haiti, the illegitimate Creole son of a French sea merchant and a local chambermaid. He was raised in France until 1803, when his father sent him to the United States to avoid being drafted into the Napoleonic wars. There he started what proved to be a long run of unsuccessful schemes. He tried to run a lead mine in Pennsylvania. It folded. After marrying, he opened up a store in Louisville and it, too, went under. He started a steamboat line, and it led him into bankruptcy. By then he was 35 and, he admitted to his wife, a failure. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\" size=\"4\"\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\" size=\"4\"\u003eBut throughout his life he nourished a passion for the study and illustration of bird life. At the time, marketing was not as unlikely an endeavor for Audubon as it might seem today. It was a respectable, if somewhat chancy, business, and natural history was a popular subject; in fact, Audubon faced considerable competition. He had little formal training in art and even less in ornithology, but what he lacked in experience he made up for in braggadocio. He pursued his birds with an unusual passion for accuracy and painterly beauty, a fervor caused as much by desperation as by scientific and aesthetic high-mindedness. For years he tracked his subjects to the known edges of the country; the journals he kept along the way are a literary achievement in themselves. By his death in 1851, he had completed 584 individual studies, 435 of which appeared in The Birds of America.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Arader Galleries","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":29465405587517,"sku":"","price":12000.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1208\/8894\/files\/AU00072_FloridaJay.jpg?v=1772205761"},{"product_id":"john-james-audubon-1785-1851-plate-xcii-pigeon-hawk","title":"John James Audubon (1785-1851), Plate XCII Pigeon Hawk","description":"\u003cp\u003eJohn James Audubon (1785-1851)\u003cbr\u003ePlate\u003cspan\u003e XCII Pigeon Hawk\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003efrom Birds of America\u003cbr\u003eEngraved by Robert Havell (1793-1878)\u003cbr\u003ePublished: London, 1827-1838\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan\u003eAquatint engraving with original hand coloring\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003ePaper size: 39 1\/4 x \u003cspan\u003e26 1\/2 in. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\" size=\"4\"\u003eJohn James Audubon is without rival as the most celebrated American natural history artist. Audubon devoted his life to realizing his dream of identifying and depicting the birds of North America, and his work has had profound cultural and historical significance.  In the second decade of the 19th century, he set out to travel throughout the wilderness of the United States, drawing every notable species of native bird. His remarkable ambition and artistic talent culminated in the publication of the monumental Birds of America in 1827-38, a series of 435 aquatints that have only grown in fame since the time of their first appearance. This work established Audubon as an early American artist who could attract European attention, and for many, he personified New World culture and its emerging independent existence.  \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\" size=\"4\"\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\" size=\"4\"\u003eAudubon was born in Haiti, the illegitimate Creole son of a French sea merchant and a local chambermaid. He was raised in France until 1803, when his father sent him to the United States to avoid being drafted into the Napoleonic wars. There he started what proved to be a long run of unsuccessful schemes. He tried to run a lead mine in Pennsylvania. It folded. After marrying, he opened up a store in Louisville and it, too, went under. He started a steamboat line, and it led him into bankruptcy. By then he was 35 and, he admitted to his wife, a failure. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\" size=\"4\"\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\" size=\"4\"\u003eBut throughout his life he nourished a passion for the study and illustration of bird life. At the time, marketing was not as unlikely an endeavor for Audubon as it might seem today. It was a respectable, if somewhat chancy, business, and natural history was a popular subject; in fact, Audubon faced considerable competition. He had little formal training in art and even less in ornithology, but what he lacked in experience he made up for in braggadocio. He pursued his birds with an unusual passion for accuracy and painterly beauty, a fervor caused as much by desperation as by scientific and aesthetic high-mindedness. For years he tracked his subjects to the known edges of the country; the journals he kept along the way are a literary achievement in themselves. By his death in 1851, he had completed 584 individual studies, 435 of which appeared in The Birds of America.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Arader Galleries","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":29465410437181,"sku":"","price":8500.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1208\/8894\/products\/92_Pigeon_Hawk.jpg?v=1564849658"},{"product_id":"john-james-audubon-1785-1851-plate-cxxxi-american-robin","title":"John James Audubon (1785-1851), Plate CXXXI American Robin","description":"\u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"\u003eJohn James Audubon (1785-1851)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"\u003ePlate CXXXI American Robin\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"\u003eFrom the Birds of America\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"\u003eAquatint engraving with original hand color\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"\u003eLondon: Robert Havell, 1827-1838\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"\u003ePaper size: 37 1\/2 x 25 in.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"\u003eFramed size: 48 x 35 1\/2 in.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"\u003e# AU00068\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan size=\"4\" face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\"\u003eJohn James Audubon is without rival as the most celebrated American natural history artist. Audubon devoted his life to realizing his dream of identifying and depicting the birds of North America, and his work has had profound cultural and historical significance.  In the second decade of the 19th century, he set out to travel throughout the wilderness of the United States, drawing every notable species of native bird. His remarkable ambition and artistic talent culminated in the publication of the monumental Birds of America in 1827-38, a series of 435 aquatints that have only grown in fame since the time of their first appearance. This work established Audubon as an early American artist who could attract European attention, and for many, he personified New World culture and its emerging independent existence.  \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan size=\"4\" face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\"\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan size=\"4\" face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\"\u003eAudubon was born in Haiti, the illegitimate Creole son of a French sea merchant and a local chambermaid. He was raised in France until 1803, when his father sent him to the United States to avoid being drafted into the Napoleonic wars. There he started what proved to be a long run of unsuccessful schemes. He tried to run a lead mine in Pennsylvania. It folded. After marrying, he opened up a store in Louisville and it, too, went under. He started a steamboat line, and it led him into bankruptcy. By then he was 35 and, he admitted to his wife, a failure. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan size=\"4\" face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\"\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan size=\"4\" face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\"\u003eBut throughout his life he nourished a passion for the study and illustration of bird life. At the time, marketing was not as unlikely an endeavor for Audubon as it might seem today. It was a respectable, if somewhat chancy, business, and natural history was a popular subject; in fact, Audubon faced considerable competition. He had little formal training in art and even less in ornithology, but what he lacked in experience he made up for in braggadocio. He pursued his birds with an unusual passion for accuracy and painterly beauty, a fervor caused as much by desperation as by scientific and aesthetic high-mindedness. For years he tracked his subjects to the known edges of the country; the journals he kept along the way are a literary achievement in themselves. By his death in 1851, he had completed 584 individual studies, 435 of which appeared in The Birds of America.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Arader Galleries","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":29465421283389,"sku":"","price":28000.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1208\/8894\/files\/AU00068_AmericanRobin.jpg?v=1772225551"},{"product_id":"john-james-audubon-1785-1851-plate-xlii-orchard-oriole-1-deckled","title":"John James Audubon (1785-1851), Plate XLII Orchard Oriole","description":"\u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"\u003eJohn James Audubon (1785-1851)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"\u003ePlate 42 Orchard Oriole\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"\u003eFrom the Birds of America\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"\u003eAquatint engraving with original hand color\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"\u003eLondon: Robert Havell, 1827-1838\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"\u003ePaper size: 36 3\/4 x 24 5\/8 in.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"\u003eFramed size: 48 3\/4 x 36 1\/4 in.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"\u003e# AU00071\u003cspan\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\" size=\"4\"\u003eJohn James Audubon is without rival as the most celebrated American natural history artist. Audubon devoted his life to realizing his dream of identifying and depicting the birds of North America, and his work has had profound cultural and historical significance.  In the second decade of the 19th century, he set out to travel throughout the wilderness of the United States, drawing every notable species of native bird. His remarkable ambition and artistic talent culminated in the publication of the monumental Birds of America in 1827-38, a series of 435 aquatints that have only grown in fame since the time of their first appearance. This work established Audubon as an early American artist who could attract European attention, and for many, he personified New World culture and its emerging independent existence.  \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\" size=\"4\"\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\" size=\"4\"\u003eAudubon was born in Haiti, the illegitimate Creole son of a French sea merchant and a local chambermaid. He was raised in France until 1803, when his father sent him to the United States to avoid being drafted into the Napoleonic wars. There he started what proved to be a long run of unsuccessful schemes. He tried to run a lead mine in Pennsylvania. It folded. After marrying, he opened up a store in Louisville and it, too, went under. He started a steamboat line, and it led him into bankruptcy. By then he was 35 and, he admitted to his wife, a failure. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\" size=\"4\"\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\" size=\"4\"\u003eBut throughout his life he nourished a passion for the study and illustration of bird life. At the time, marketing was not as unlikely an endeavor for Audubon as it might seem today. It was a respectable, if somewhat chancy, business, and natural history was a popular subject; in fact, Audubon faced considerable competition. He had little formal training in art and even less in ornithology, but what he lacked in experience he made up for in braggadocio. He pursued his birds with an unusual passion for accuracy and painterly beauty, a fervor caused as much by desperation as by scientific and aesthetic high-mindedness. For years he tracked his subjects to the known edges of the country; the journals he kept along the way are a literary achievement in themselves. By his death in 1851, he had completed 584 individual studies, 435 of which appeared in The Birds of America.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Arader Galleries","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":40562772082749,"sku":"","price":9000.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1208\/8894\/files\/AU00071_OrchardOriole.jpg?v=1772142558"},{"product_id":"john-james-audubon-1785-1851-plate-cvi-black-vulture-or-carrion-crow-1-deckled","title":"John James Audubon (1785-1851), Plate CVI Black Vulture or Carrion Crow","description":"\u003cp\u003eJohn James Audubon (1785-1851) \u003cbr\u003ePlate\u003cspan\u003e CVI Black Vulture or Carrion Crow \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003efrom Birds of America \u003cbr\u003eEngraved by Robert Havell (1793-1878) \u003cbr\u003ePublished: London, 1827-1838 \u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan\u003eAquatint engraving with original hand coloring \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003ePaper size: 25 1\/4 x \u003cspan\u003e38 in. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\" size=\"4\"\u003eJohn James Audubon is without rival as the most celebrated American natural history artist.  Audubon devoted his life to realizing his dream of identifying and depicting the birds of North America, and his work has had profound cultural and historical significance.  In the second decade of the 19th century, he set out to travel throughout the wilderness of the United States, drawing every notable species of native bird. His remarkable ambition and artistic talent culminated in the publication of the monumental Birds of America in 1827-38, a series of 435 aquatints that have only grown in fame since the time of their first appearance. This work established Audubon as an early American artist who could attract European attention, and for many, he personified New World culture and its emerging independent existence.  \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\" size=\"4\"\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\" size=\"4\"\u003eAudubon was born in Haiti, the illegitimate Creole son of a French sea merchant and a local chambermaid. He was raised in France until 1803, when his father sent him to the United States to avoid being drafted into the Napoleonic wars. There he started what proved to be a long run of unsuccessful schemes. He tried to run a lead mine in Pennsylvania. It folded. After marrying, he opened up a store in Louisville and it, too, went under. He started a steamboat line, and it led him into bankruptcy. By then he was 35 and, he admitted to his wife, a failure. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\" size=\"4\"\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\" size=\"4\"\u003eBut throughout his life he nourished a passion for the study and illustration of bird life. At the time, marketing was not as unlikely an endeavor for Audubon as it might seem today. It was a respectable, if somewhat chancy, business, and natural history was a popular subject; in fact, Audubon faced considerable competition. He had little formal training in art and even less in ornithology, but what he lacked in experience he made up for in braggadocio. He pursued his birds with an unusual passion for accuracy and painterly beauty, a fervor caused as much by desperation as by scientific and aesthetic high-mindedness. For years he tracked his subjects to the known edges of the country; the journals he kept along the way are a literary achievement in themselves. By his death in 1851, he had completed 584 individual studies, 435 of which appeared in The Birds of America. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Arader Galleries","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":40563712688189,"sku":"","price":5000.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1208\/8894\/products\/106_Black_Vulture_or_Carrion_Crow_8ba6f863-314a-4ea1-82e8-528d08137110.jpg?v=1680107186"},{"product_id":"john-james-audubon-1785-1851-plate-xvii-carolina-pigeon-or-turtle-dove-2","title":"John James Audubon (1785-1851), Plate 17 Carolina Pigeon or Turtle Dove","description":"\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003eJohn James Audubon (1785-1851)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003ePlate 17 Carolina Pigeon or Turtle Dove\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003eFrom the Birds of America\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003eAquatint engraving with original hand color\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003eLondon: Robert Havell, 1827-1838\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003ePaper size: 37 x 24 1\/8 in.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003eFrame size: 46 1\/2 x 33 5\/8 in.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003e# AU00010\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400;\"\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Arader Galleries","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":40564956594237,"sku":"","price":22000.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1208\/8894\/products\/17_Carolina_Pigeon_or_Turtle_Dove_0cfdd82e-15f9-4746-8111-f3f91f895ca4.jpg?v=1680192693"},{"product_id":"john-james-audubon-1785-1851-plate-cccxcii-louisiana-hawk","title":"John James Audubon (1785-1851), Plate CCCXCII Louisiana Hawk","description":"\u003cp\u003eJohn James Audubon (1785-1851)\u003cbr\u003ePlate CCCXCII Louisiana Hawk\u003cbr\u003efrom Birds of America\u003cbr\u003eAquatint engraving with original hand coloring\u003cbr\u003eEngraved by Robert Havell (1793-1878)\u003cbr\u003ePublished: London, 1827-1838\u003cbr\u003ePaper size: 26 x 39 in.\u003cbr\u003eFramed size: 37 x 49 1\/2 in.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"422\" data-start=\"360\"\u003eProvenance: The Magnificent Sachsen-Meiningen Set of Audubon\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003e“The species now before you belongs to the group of what may be called indolent or heavy-flying Hawks. The specimen from which I made my drawing, was procured by a gentleman residing in Louisiana, who shot it between Bayou Sara and Natchez. A label attached to one of its legs authorizes me to say that it was a female; but I have received no information respecting its habits ; nor can I at present give you the name of the donor, however anxious I am to compliment him upon the valuable addition he has made to our Fauna, by thus enabling me to describe and portray it. I have much pleasure in naming it after my friend Epwarp Harris, Esq., a gentleman who, independently of the aid which he has on many occasions afforded me, in prosecuting my examination of our birds, merits this compliment as an enthusiastic Ornithologist.” - John James Audubon \u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Arader Galleries","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":41446971506749,"sku":null,"price":24000.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1208\/8894\/files\/audubon_louisianahawkSM.jpg?v=1717525033"},{"product_id":"john-james-audubon-1785-1851-plate-ccccxxvi-california-vulture","title":"John James Audubon (1785-1851), Plate CCCCXXVI California Vulture","description":"\u003cp\u003eJohn James Audubon (1785-1851)\u003cbr\u003ePlate CCCCXXVI California Vulture\u003cbr\u003efrom Birds of America\u003cbr\u003eAquatint engraving with original hand coloring\u003cbr\u003eEngraved by Robert Havell (1793-1878)\u003cbr\u003ePublished: London, 1827-1838\u003cbr\u003ePaper size: 37 1\/2 x 25 1\/2 in.\u003cbr\u003eFrame size 50 x 37 in.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Arader Galleries","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":41447085375549,"sku":null,"price":28000.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1208\/8894\/files\/Audubon_californiavultureSM.jpg?v=1717531147"},{"product_id":"john-james-audubon-1785-1851-plate-ccccxi-common-american-swan","title":"John James Audubon (1785-1851), Plate CCCCXI Common American Swan","description":"\u003cp\u003eJohn James Audubon (1785-1851)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003ePlate CCCCXI \u003c\/span\u003eCommon American Swan\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003efrom Birds of America\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAquatint engraving with original hand coloring\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEngraved by Robert Havell (1793-1878)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePublished: London, 1827-1838\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePaper size: 25 3\/4 x 38 1\/2 in.\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFrame size: 37 x 48 1\/2 in.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e# AU00061\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e“When travelling to a distance they proceed at a great height, with a steady and well-sustained flight, though by no means so rapid as that of the Trumpeter Swan, this difference probably arising from the greater weight and alar extent of the latter. They usually move in long lines forming the acute angle of a baseless triangle, the leader often changing his position and falling into the rear. On several occasions I have seen seven or eight leading the long single files behind them in a kind of disorderly crowded manner, which was continued until the birds were out of sight...”In flying, these birds make a strange appearance; their long necks protrude and present, at a distance, mere lines with black points, and occupy more than one-half their whole length, their heavy bodies and triangular wings seeming but mere appendages to the prolonged point in front. “When thus in motion, their wings pass through so few degrees of the circle, that, unless seen horizontally, they appear almost quiescent, being widely different from the heavy semicircular sweep of the Goose. The Swan, when migrating, with a moderate wind in his favour, and mounted high in the air, certainly travels at the rate of one hundred miles or more an hour. I have often timed the flight of the Goose, and found one mile a minute a common rapidity, and when the two birds, in a change of\u003cbr\u003efeeding-ground, have been flying near each other, which I have often seen, the Swan invariably passed with nearly double the velocity.”\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Arader Galleries","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":41447086850109,"sku":null,"price":215000.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1208\/8894\/files\/auduboncommonamericanswan.jpg?v=1717531265"},{"product_id":"john-james-audubon-1785-1851-plate-ii-yellow-billed-cuckoo","title":"John James Audubon (1785-1851), Plate II Yellow-billed Cuckoo","description":"\u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"\u003eJohn James Audubon (1785-1851)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"\u003ePlate II Yellow-Billed Cuckoo\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"\u003eFrom the Birds of America\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"\u003eAquatint engraving with original hand color\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"\u003eLondon: Robert Havell, 1827-1838\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"\u003ePaper size: 25 3\/8 x 35 5\/8\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"\u003e# AU00006\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\" size=\"4\"\u003eJohn James Audubon is without rival as the most celebrated American natural history artist. Audubon devoted his life to realizing his dream of identifying and depicting the birds of North America, and his work has had profound cultural and historical significance.  In the second decade of the 19th century, he set out to travel throughout the wilderness of the United States, drawing every notable species of native bird. His remarkable ambition and artistic talent culminated in the publication of the monumental Birds of America in 1827-38, a series of 435 aquatints that have only grown in fame since the time of their first appearance. This work established Audubon as an early American artist who could attract European attention, and for many, he personified New World culture and its emerging independent existence.  \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\" size=\"4\"\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\" size=\"4\"\u003eAudubon was born in Haiti, the illegitimate Creole son of a French sea merchant and a local chambermaid. He was raised in France until 1803, when his father sent him to the United States to avoid being drafted into the Napoleonic wars. There he started what proved to be a long run of unsuccessful schemes. He tried to run a lead mine in Pennsylvania. It folded. After marrying, he opened up a store in Louisville and it, too, went under. He started a steamboat line, and it led him into bankruptcy. By then he was 35 and, he admitted to his wife, a failure. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\" size=\"4\"\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\" size=\"4\"\u003eBut throughout his life he nourished a passion for the study and illustration of bird life. At the time, marketing was not as unlikely an endeavor for Audubon as it might seem today. It was a respectable, if somewhat chancy, business, and natural history was a popular subject; in fact, Audubon faced considerable competition. He had little formal training in art and even less in ornithology, but what he lacked in experience he made up for in braggadocio. He pursued his birds with an unusual passion for accuracy and painterly beauty, a fervor caused as much by desperation as by scientific and aesthetic high-mindedness. For years he tracked his subjects to the known edges of the country; the journals he kept along the way are a literary achievement in themselves. By his death in 1851, he had completed 584 individual studies, 435 of which appeared in The Birds of America.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Arader Galleries","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":42070890151997,"sku":null,"price":16000.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1208\/8894\/files\/AudubonYellowBilledCuckoo.jpg?v=1741288332"},{"product_id":"john-james-audubon-1785-1851-plate-76-virginia-partridge","title":"John James Audubon (1785-1851), Plate 76, Virginia Partridge","description":"\u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"\u003eJohn James Audubon (1785-1851)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"\u003ePlate 76, Virginia Partridge\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"\u003efrom Birds of America\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"\u003eEngraved by Robert Havell (1793-1878)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"\u003ePublished: London, 1827-1838\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"\u003eAquatint engraving with original hand coloring\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"\u003ePaper size: 25 3\/4 x 36 7\/8 in.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\" size=\"4\"\u003eJohn James Audubon is without rival as the most celebrated American natural history artist. Audubon devoted his life to realizing his dream of identifying and depicting the birds of North America, and his work has had profound cultural and historical significance.  In the second decade of the 19th century, he set out to travel throughout the wilderness of the United States, drawing every notable species of native bird. His remarkable ambition and artistic talent culminated in the publication of the monumental Birds of America in 1827-38, a series of 435 aquatints that have only grown in fame since the time of their first appearance. This work established Audubon as an early American artist who could attract European attention, and for many, he personified New World culture and its emerging independent existence.  \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\" size=\"4\"\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\" size=\"4\"\u003eAudubon was born in Haiti, the illegitimate Creole son of a French sea merchant and a local chambermaid. He was raised in France until 1803, when his father sent him to the United States to avoid being drafted into the Napoleonic wars. There he started what proved to be a long run of unsuccessful schemes. He tried to run a lead mine in Pennsylvania. It folded. After marrying, he opened up a store in Louisville and it, too, went under. He started a steamboat line, and it led him into bankruptcy. By then he was 35 and, he admitted to his wife, a failure. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\" size=\"4\"\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\" size=\"4\"\u003eBut throughout his life he nourished a passion for the study and illustration of bird life. At the time, marketing was not as unlikely an endeavor for Audubon as it might seem today. It was a respectable, if somewhat chancy, business, and natural history was a popular subject; in fact, Audubon faced considerable competition. He had little formal training in art and even less in ornithology, but what he lacked in experience he made up for in braggadocio. He pursued his birds with an unusual passion for accuracy and painterly beauty, a fervor caused as much by desperation as by scientific and aesthetic high-mindedness. For years he tracked his subjects to the known edges of the country; the journals he kept along the way are a literary achievement in themselves. By his death in 1851, he had completed 584 individual studies, 435 of which appeared in The Birds of America.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Arader Galleries","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":42071369646141,"sku":null,"price":125000.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1208\/8894\/files\/Audubon-VirginiaPartridge.jpg?v=1741291482"},{"product_id":"john-james-audubon-1785-1851-plate-ccxxxiv-tufted-duck","title":"John James Audubon (1785-1851), Plate CCXXXIV Tufted Duck","description":"\u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"\u003eJohn James Audubon (1785-1851)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"\u003ePlate CCXXXIV Tufted Duck\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"\u003efrom Birds of America\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"\u003eEngraved by Robert Havell (1793-1878)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"\u003ePublished: London, 1827-1838\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"\u003eAquatint engraving with original hand coloring\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"\u003ePaper size: 25 1\/2 x 38 1\/2 in. \u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\" size=\"4\"\u003eJohn James Audubon is without rival as the most celebrated American natural history artist. Audubon devoted his life to realizing his dream of identifying and depicting the birds of North America, and his work has had profound cultural and historical significance.  In the second decade of the 19th century, he set out to travel throughout the wilderness of the United States, drawing every notable species of native bird. His remarkable ambition and artistic talent culminated in the publication of the monumental Birds of America in 1827-38, a series of 435 aquatints that have only grown in fame since the time of their first appearance. This work established Audubon as an early American artist who could attract European attention, and for many, he personified New World culture and its emerging independent existence.  \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\" size=\"4\"\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\" size=\"4\"\u003eAudubon was born in Haiti, the illegitimate Creole son of a French sea merchant and a local chambermaid. He was raised in France until 1803, when his father sent him to the United States to avoid being drafted into the Napoleonic wars. There he started what proved to be a long run of unsuccessful schemes. He tried to run a lead mine in Pennsylvania. It folded. After marrying, he opened up a store in Louisville and it, too, went under. He started a steamboat line, and it led him into bankruptcy. By then he was 35 and, he admitted to his wife, a failure. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\" size=\"4\"\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\" size=\"4\"\u003eBut throughout his life he nourished a passion for the study and illustration of bird life. At the time, marketing was not as unlikely an endeavor for Audubon as it might seem today. It was a respectable, if somewhat chancy, business, and natural history was a popular subject; in fact, Audubon faced considerable competition. He had little formal training in art and even less in ornithology, but what he lacked in experience he made up for in braggadocio. He pursued his birds with an unusual passion for accuracy and painterly beauty, a fervor caused as much by desperation as by scientific and aesthetic high-mindedness. For years he tracked his subjects to the known edges of the country; the journals he kept along the way are a literary achievement in themselves. By his death in 1851, he had completed 584 individual studies, 435 of which appeared in The Birds of America.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Arader Galleries","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":42072108892221,"sku":null,"price":10500.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1208\/8894\/files\/Audubon-TuftedDuck.jpg?v=1741298593"},{"product_id":"john-james-audubon-1785-1851-plate-cclxi-hooping-crane-young","title":"John James Audubon (1785-1851), Plate CCLXI Hooping Crane (young)","description":"\u003cp\u003eJohn James Audubon (1785-1851)\u003cbr\u003ePlate CCLXI Hooping Crane (young)\u003cbr\u003efrom Birds of America\u003cbr\u003eAquatint engraving with original hand coloring\u003cbr\u003eEngraved by Robert Havell (1793-1878)\u003cbr\u003ePublished: London, 1827-1838\u003cbr\u003ePaper size: 38 3\/8 x 25 1\/2 in.\u003cspan style=\"font-family: 'New York',serif; color: black; letter-spacing: 0.45pt;\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003eJohn James Audubon is without rival the most celebrated American natural history artist. Audubon devoted his life to realizing his dream of identifying and depicting the birds of North America, and his work has had profound cultural and historical significance.  In the second decade of the 19th century, he set out to travel throughout the wilderness of the United States, drawing every notable species of native bird. His remarkable ambition and artistic talent culminated in the publication of the monumental Birds of America in 1827-38, a series of 435 aquatints that have only grown in fame since the time of their first appearance. This work established Audubon as an early American artist who could attract European attention, and for many, he personified New World culture and its emerging independent existence.  \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003eAudubon was born in Haiti, the illegitimate Creole son of a French sea merchant and a local chambermaid. He was raised in France until 1803, when his father sent him to the United States to avoid being drafted into the Napoleonic wars. There he started what proved to be a long run of unsuccessful schemes. He tried to run a lead mine in Pennsylvania. It folded. After marrying, he opened up a store in Louisville and it, too, went under. He started a steamboat line, and it led him into bankruptcy. By then he was 35 and, he admitted to his wife, a failure. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003eBut throughout his life he nourished a passion for the study and illustration of bird life. At the time, marketing was not as unlikely an endeavor for Audubon as it might seem today. It was a respectable, if somewhat chancy, business, and natural history was a popular subject; in fact, Audubon faced considerable competition. He had little formal training in art and even less in ornithology, but what he lacked in experience he made up for in braggadocio. He pursued his birds with an unusual passion for accuracy and painterly beauty, a fervor caused as much by desperation as by scientific and aesthetic high-mindedness. For years he tracked his subjects to the known edges of the country; the journals he kept along the way are a literary achievement in themselves. By his death in 1851, he had completed 584 individual studies, 435 of which appeared in The Birds of America.\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Arader Galleries","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":42072264704061,"sku":null,"price":165000.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1208\/8894\/files\/Audubon-HoopingCrane_Young.jpg?v=1741300730"},{"product_id":"john-james-audubon-1785-1851-plate-cclxxxvi-white-fronted-goose","title":"John James Audubon (1785-1851), Plate CCLXXXVI White-fronted Goose","description":"\u003cp\u003eJohn James Audubon (1785-1851) \u003cbr\u003ePlate CCLXXXVI White-fronted Goose \u003cbr\u003efrom Birds of America \u003cbr\u003eAquatint engraving with original hand coloring \u003cbr\u003eEngraved by Robert Havell (1793-1878) \u003cbr\u003ePublished: London, 1827-1838 \u003cbr\u003ePaper size: 25 1\/8 x 37 1\/2 in. \u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFrame size: 37 x 49 1\/2 in.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003eJohn James Audubon is without rival the most celebrated American natural history artist. Audubon devoted his life to realizing his dream of identifying and depicting the birds of North America, and his work has had profound cultural and historical significance.  In the second decade of the 19th century, he set out to travel throughout the wilderness of the United States, drawing every notable species of native bird. His remarkable ambition and artistic talent culminated in the publication of the monumental Birds of America in 1827-38, a series of 435 aquatints that have only grown in fame since the time of their first appearance. This work established Audubon as an early American artist who could attract European attention, and for many, he personified New World culture and its emerging independent existence.  \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003eAudubon was born in Haiti, the illegitimate Creole son of a French sea merchant and a local chambermaid. He was raised in France until 1803, when his father sent him to the United States to avoid being drafted into the Napoleonic wars. There he started what proved to be a long run of unsuccessful schemes. He tried to run a lead mine in Pennsylvania. It folded. After marrying, he opened up a store in Louisville and it, too, went under. He started a steamboat line, and it led him into bankruptcy. By then he was 35 and, he admitted to his wife, a failure. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003eBut throughout his life he nourished a passion for the study and illustration of bird life. At the time, marketing was not as unlikely an endeavor for Audubon as it might seem today. It was a respectable, if somewhat chancy, business, and natural history was a popular subject; in fact, Audubon faced considerable competition. He had little formal training in art and even less in ornithology, but what he lacked in experience he made up for in braggadocio. He pursued his birds with an unusual passion for accuracy and painterly beauty, a fervor caused as much by desperation as by scientific and aesthetic high-mindedness. For years he tracked his subjects to the known edges of the country; the journals he kept along the way are a literary achievement in themselves. By his death in 1851, he had completed 584 individual studies, 435 of which appeared in The Birds of America.\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Arader Galleries","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":42072297668669,"sku":null,"price":9000.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1208\/8894\/files\/AudubonWhite-frontedGoose.jpg?v=1741301146"},{"product_id":"john-james-audubon-1785-1851-plate-cxxvi-white-headed-eagle-2","title":"John James Audubon (1785-1851), Plate CXXVI White-headed Eagle","description":"\u003cp\u003eJohn James Audubon (1785-1851) \u003cbr\u003ePlate CXXVI White-headed Eagle \u003cbr\u003efrom Birds of America \u003cbr\u003eEngraved by Robert Havell (1793-1878) \u003cbr\u003ePublished: London, 1827-1838 \u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan\u003eAquatint engraving with original hand coloring \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003ePaper size: \u003cspan\u003e37 3\/4 x 25 3\/4 in. \u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e“The figure of this noble bird is well known throughout the civilized world, emblazoned as it is on our national standard, which waves in the breeze of every clime, bearing to distant lands the remembrance of a great people living in a state of peaceful freedom. May that peaceful freedom last for ever!\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe great strength, daring, and cool courage of the White-headed Eagle, joined to his unequalled power of flight, render him highly conspicuous among his brethren. To these qualities did he add a generous disposition towards others, he might be looked up to as a model of nobility. The ferocious, overbearing, and tyrannical temper which is ever and anon displaying itself in his actions, is, nevertheless, best adapted to his state, and was wisely given him by the Creator to enable him to perform the office assigned to him.” (Audubon’s Ornithological Biography, 1831).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400;\"\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Arader Galleries","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":42248950087741,"sku":null,"price":28000.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1208\/8894\/files\/AudubonHavell-White-headedEagle.jpg?v=1743785471"},{"product_id":"john-james-audubon-1785-1851-plate-ccclxxxvii-glossy-ibis","title":"John James Audubon (1785-1851), Plate CCCLXXXVII Glossy Ibis","description":"\u003cp\u003eJohn James Audubon (1785-1851) \u003cbr\u003ePlate CCCLXXXVII Glossy Ibis\u003cbr\u003efrom Birds of America \u003cbr\u003eEngraved by Robert Havell (1793-1878) \u003cbr\u003ePublished: London, 1827-1838 \u003cbr\u003eAquatint engraving with original hand coloring \u003cbr\u003ePaper size: 25 3\/4 x 38 3\/8 in. \u003cbr\u003eFrame size: 37 1\/4 x 49 5\/8 in. \u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e“The Glossy Ibis is of exceedingly rare occurrence in the United States, where it appears only at long and irregular intervals, like a wanderer who has lost his way. It exists in Mexico, however, in vast numbers. In the spring of 1837, I saw flocks of it in Texas; but even there it is merely a summer resident, associating with the White Ibis, along the grassy margins of the rivers and bayous, and apparently going to and returning from its roosting places in the interior of the country. Its flight resembles that of its companion, the White Ibis, and it is probable that it feeds on the same kinds of crustaceous animals, and breeds on low bushes in the same great associations as that species, but we unfortunately had no opportunity of verifying this conjecture . . I have given the figure of a male bird in superb plumage, procured in Florida, near a wood-cutter’s cabin, a view of which is also given. “ (Audubon’s Ornithological Biography, 1831).\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Arader Galleries","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":42248967946301,"sku":null,"price":28000.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1208\/8894\/files\/Audubon_GlossyIbis.jpg?v=1743786147"},{"product_id":"john-james-audubon-1785-1851-plate-ccclxxvi-trumpeter-swan-young","title":"John James Audubon (1785-1851), Plate CCCLXXVI Trumpeter Swan (Young)","description":"\u003cp\u003eJohn James Audubon (1785-1851)\u003cbr\u003ePlate CCCLXXVI Trumpeter Swan (Young)\u003cbr\u003efrom Birds of America\u003cbr\u003eAquatint engraving with original hand coloring\u003cbr\u003eEngraved by Robert Havell (1793-1878)\u003cbr\u003ePublished: London, 1827-1838\u003cbr\u003ePaper size: 26 x 39 1\/8 in.\u003cbr\u003eFramed size: 36 x 48 1\/2 in.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e“At New Orleans, where I made the drawing of the young bird here given, the Trumpeters are frequently exposed for sale in the markets, being procured on the ponds of the interior, and on the great lakes leading to the waters of the Gulf of Mexico... The waters of the Arkansas and its tributaries are annually supplied with Trumpeter Swans, and the largest individual which I have examined was shot on a lake near the junction of that river with the Mississippi.” - (Audubon’s Ornithological Biography, 1831).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Arader Galleries","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":42249038921789,"sku":null,"price":28000.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1208\/8894\/files\/audubon_trumpeterswanyoungreg.jpg?v=1743789150"},{"product_id":"john-james-audubon-1785-1851-plate-cccxcvii-scarlet-ibis","title":"John James Audubon (1785-1851), Plate CCCXCVII Scarlet Ibis","description":"\u003cp\u003eJohn James Audubon (1785-1851) \u003cbr\u003ePlate CCCXCVII Scarlet Ibis\u003cbr\u003efrom Birds of America \u003cbr\u003eEngraved by Robert Havell (1793-1878) \u003cbr\u003ePublished: London, 1827-1838 \u003cbr\u003eAquatint engraving with original hand coloring \u003cbr\u003ePaper size: 25 x 37 1\/2 in. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e“It was supposed by WILSON, and since his time by others, that this brilliantly coloured Ibis is not uncommon in the southern parts of the United States. This opinion, however, is quite erroneous, and I have found the Scarlet Ibis less numerous than even the Glossy Ibis; indeed I have not met with more than three individuals in a state of liberty, in the whole range of the United States. These birds occurred at Bayou Sara, in Louisiana, on the 3d of July, 1821. They were travelling in a line, in the manner of the White Ibis, above the tops of the trees. Although I had only a glimpse of them, I saw them sufficiently well to be assured of their belonging to the present species, and therefore I have thought it proper to introduce it into our Fauna. WILSON’S figure, I believe, was taken from a living specimen, not, however, procured within the limits of the United States, and which was kept for some time in Peale’s Museum in Philadelphia. My drawing of the adult male, and that of the immature bird, were made from specimens also procured beyond our limits. It is said that the habits of this bird are very similar to those of the White Ibis, of which I give you a long account; but, as I have not had opportunities of observing them, I judge it better to abstain from offering any remarks on this subject.” - (Audubon’s Ornithological Biography, 1831).\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"yj6qo\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"adL\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Arader Galleries","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":42267484454973,"sku":null,"price":38000.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1208\/8894\/files\/audubon_scarletibis.jpg?v=1744397876"},{"product_id":"john-james-audubon-1785-1851-plate-97-mottled-owl-or-screech-owl","title":"John James Audubon (1785-1851), Plate 97 Mottled Owl or Screech Owl","description":"\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003eJohn James Audubon (1785-1851)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003ePlate 97 Mottled Owl or Screech Owl\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003eFrom the Birds of America\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003eAquatint engraving with original hand color\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003eLondon: Robert Havell, 1827-1838\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003ePaper size: 38 x 25 1\/4 in.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003eFramed size: 49 1\/2 x 37 in.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003e#AU00069\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\" size=\"4\"\u003eJohn James Audubon is without rival as the most celebrated American natural history artist. Audubon devoted his life to realizing his dream of identifying and depicting the birds of North America, and his work has had profound cultural and historical significance.  In the second decade of the 19th century, he set out to travel throughout the wilderness of the United States, drawing every notable species of native bird. His remarkable ambition and artistic talent culminated in the publication of the monumental Birds of America in 1827-38, a series of 435 aquatints that have only grown in fame since the time of their first appearance. This work established Audubon as an early American artist who could attract European attention, and for many, he personified New World culture and its emerging independent existence.  \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\" size=\"4\"\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\" size=\"4\"\u003eAudubon was born in Haiti, the illegitimate Creole son of a French sea merchant and a local chambermaid. He was raised in France until 1803, when his father sent him to the United States to avoid being drafted into the Napoleonic wars. There he started what proved to be a long run of unsuccessful schemes. He tried to run a lead mine in Pennsylvania. It folded. After marrying, he opened up a store in Louisville and it, too, went under. He started a steamboat line, and it led him into bankruptcy. By then he was 35 and, he admitted to his wife, a failure. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\" size=\"4\"\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan face=\"Times New Roman, sans-serif\" size=\"4\"\u003eBut throughout his life he nourished a passion for the study and illustration of bird life. At the time, marketing was not as unlikely an endeavor for Audubon as it might seem today. It was a respectable, if somewhat chancy, business, and natural history was a popular subject; in fact, Audubon faced considerable competition. He had little formal training in art and even less in ornithology, but what he lacked in experience he made up for in braggadocio. He pursued his birds with an unusual passion for accuracy and painterly beauty, a fervor caused as much by desperation as by scientific and aesthetic high-mindedness. For years he tracked his subjects to the known edges of the country; the journals he kept along the way are a literary achievement in themselves. By his death in 1851, he had completed 584 individual studies, 435 of which appeared in The Birds of America.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Arader Galleries","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43015945224253,"sku":null,"price":17000.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1208\/8894\/files\/AU00069_mottledowl.jpg?v=1772209604"},{"product_id":"john-james-audubon-1785-1851-plate-ccxcix-dusky-petrel","title":"John James Audubon (1785-1851), Plate CCXCIX Dusky Petrel","description":"\u003cp\u003eJohn James Audubon (1785-1851)\u003cbr\u003ePlate CCXCIX Dusky Petrel\u003cbr\u003efrom Birds of America\u003cbr\u003eAquatint engraving with original hand coloring\u003cbr\u003eEngraved by Robert Havell (1793-1878)\u003cbr\u003ePublished: London, 1827-1838\u003cbr\u003ePaper size: 24 1\/2 x 37 3\/4 in.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis small seabird is widespread in the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian oceans, mostly in tropical waters; in North America, it is regular over warm waters off the southeastern coast. At sea it is usually solitary or in small groups.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Arader Galleries","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43266888499261,"sku":null,"price":6000.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1208\/8894\/files\/Havell-DuskyPetrel299.jpg?v=1781278268"},{"product_id":"john-james-audubon-1785-1851-plate-cccix-great-tern","title":"John James Audubon (1785-1851), Plate CCCIX Great Tern","description":"\u003cp\u003eJohn James Audubon (1785-1851)\u003cbr\u003ePlate CCCIX Great Tern\u003cbr\u003efrom Birds of America\u003cbr\u003eAquatint engraving with original hand coloring\u003cbr\u003eEngraved by Robert Havell (1793-1878)\u003cbr\u003ePublished: London, 1827-1838\u003cbr\u003ePaper size: 38 3\/4 x 25 3\/4 in.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003e“This beautiful Tern, which has not hitherto been described, was procured at Great Egg Harbour in New Jersey, by my much esteemed and talented friend, J. Truprav, Esq. of Louisiana, to whom I have great pleasure in dedicating it. Nothing is known as to its range, or even the particular habits in which it may differ from other species.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eThe individual obtained was in the company of a few others of the same kind I have received from Mr Trupeau an intimation of the occurrence of several individuals on Long Island.”\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Arader Galleries","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43266976481341,"sku":null,"price":7500.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1208\/8894\/files\/Havell-GreatTern309.jpg?v=1781278999"},{"product_id":"john-james-audubon-1785-1851-plate-cccii-dusky-duck","title":"John James Audubon (1785-1851), Plate CCCII Dusky Duck","description":"\u003cp\u003eJohn James Audubon (1785-1851)\u003cbr\u003ePlate CCCII Dusky Duck\u003cbr\u003efrom Birds of America\u003cbr\u003eAquatint engraving with original hand coloring\u003cbr\u003eEngraved by Robert Havell (1793-1878)\u003cbr\u003ePublished: London, 1827-1838\u003cbr\u003ePaper size: 25 1\/2 x 38 1\/8 in.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e“Although the Dusky Duck is often seen on salt-water bays or inlets, it resembles the Mallard in its habits, being fond of swampy marshes, rice-fields, and the shady margins of our rivers, during the whole of its stay in such portions of the Southern States as it is known to breed in. They are equally voracious, and may sometimes be seen with their crops so protruded as to destroy the natural elegance of their form. They devour, with the greatest eagerness, water-lizards, young frogs and toads, tadpoles, all sorts of insects, acorns, beech-nuts, and every kind of grain that they can obtain. They also, at times, seize on small quadrupeds, gobble up earth-worms and leeches, and when in salt-water, feed on shell-fish. When on the water, they often procure their food by immersing their head and neck, and, like the Mallard, sift the produce of muddy pools. Like that species also, they will descend in a spiral manner from on high, to alight under an oak or a beech, when they have discovered the mast to be abundant.” - John James Audubon\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Arader Galleries","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43267026223165,"sku":null,"price":18000.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1208\/8894\/files\/Havell-DuskyDuck302.jpg?v=1781279578"},{"product_id":"john-james-audubon-1785-1851-plate-ccci-canvas-backed-duck","title":"John James Audubon (1785-1851), Plate CCCI Canvas Backed Duck","description":"\u003cp\u003eJohn James Audubon (1785-1851)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePlate CCCI Canvas Backed Duck\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003efrom Birds of America\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEngraved by Robert Havell (1793-1878)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePublished: London, 1827-1838\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eAquatint engraving with original hand coloring\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePaper size: 26 1\/8 x 38 7\/8 in.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e“...This enhancement of its value I look upon as leaving arisen from the preference given to it by the epicures of our Middle Districts, who have strangely lauded it as superior to every other Duck in the world. This alleged preeminence has indeed become so deeply impressed on the minds of many of our Southerns, that they have on various occasions procured the transportation of numbers of Canvass-backs from Baltimore to Charleston in South Carolina, and even to Savannah in Georgia, although this species is by no means uncommon within a few miles of the latter city, as well as on the Great Santee river. I well remember that on my pointing out to a friend, now alas dead, several dozens of these birds in the market of Savannah, he would scarcely believe that I was not mistaken, and assured me that they were looked upon as being poor, dry, and very fishy, in short not half so good as Mallards, or Blue-winged Teals. With this I cordially agreed, for there, at that season, they are not better than represented.” - John James Audubon\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Arader Galleries","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43267101556797,"sku":null,"price":75000.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1208\/8894\/files\/Havell-CanvasBackedDuck301.jpg?v=1781281095"},{"product_id":"john-james-audubon-1785-1851-plate-ccclxvi-iceland-or-jer-falcon","title":"John James Audubon (1785-1851), Plate CCCLXVI Iceland or Jer Falcon","description":"\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003eJohn James Audubon (1785-1851)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003ePlate CCCLXVI Iceland or Jer Falcon\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003eFrom the Birds of America\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003eAquatint engraving with original hand color\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003eLondon: Robert Havell, 1827-1838\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003ePaper size: 25 5\/8 x 38 1\/8 in.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0in;\"\u003e“Their flight resembled that of the Peregrine Falcon, but was more elevated, majestic, and rapid. They rarely sailed when travelling to and fro, but used a constant beat of their wings. When over the Puffins, and high in the air, they would hover almost motionless, as if watching the proper moment to close their pinions, and when that arrived, they would descend almost perpendicularly on their unsuspecting victims.” - (Audubon’s Ornithological Biography, 1831).\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Arader Galleries","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43267120136253,"sku":null,"price":190000.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1208\/8894\/files\/Havell-JerFalcon366.jpg?v=1781282459"}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1208\/8894\/collections\/Birds_of_America_thumb_c211fc0e-8511-4f58-aa41-71667626427e.jpg?v=1465838323","url":"https:\/\/aradergalleries.com\/collections\/birds-of-america\/artist_john-james-audubon.oembed?page=3","provider":"Arader Galleries","version":"1.0","type":"link"}